While the peer review process for journals can vary, it typically follows the pattern shown in the flowchart and described below.
- Author submits article to a journal.
- Managing editor determines if it is suitable for review.
- If no, the submission is immediately rejected without being sent out to peer reviewers.
- If yes, the submission is distributed to peer reviewers.
- Peer reviewers recommend one of the following:
- Accept without revisions
- Accept pending revisions
- Reject
- After completing revisions, author resubmits the revised article to managing editor.
- The managing editor or peer reviewers determine if revisions are sufficient.
- If yes, the article is accepted for publication.
- If no, the article is rejected.
- If more revisions are required, author restarts at step 4.

Very few articles are accepted without revisions. Being asked to revise your work is a foundational practice in scholarly publishing, and often results in the work being stronger after it has undergone review.